Wednesday, 12 March 2014

Editorial: The US Report on Nigerian Corruption

The alarm bell on the rate of corruption in Nigeria sounded by the United States, though hardly surprising, is scandalous and unacceptable, given that Nigeria’s diverse and growing security challenges are partly rooted in widespread poverty and unemployment, which in turn, are outcomes of pervasive corruption. The damning disclosure on how the administration of President Goodluck Jonathan frustrates the efforts of the anti-graft agencies, notably the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) in combating graft is contained in the US Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor 2013 Country Report on Nigeria. This blight on the image of Nigeria is a reflection of the dismal failure and sad inability of the government to tackle corruption and deploy Nigeria’s wealth to the socio-economic betterment of its citizens; and this should worry the president. Jonathan must understand that progress and credibility in the fight against corruption can only be won through concrete, well-thought-out policies, not cheap self-eulogizing slogans.
The report painted a picture of the deep-rooted nature of corruption in Nigeria and noted specifically that corruption is on rampage and that it has never been this bad. It went further to take a swipe at the Nigerian judiciary where it claimed that justice too is for sale. Section 4 of the Report titled: “Corruption and lack of Transparency in Government” stated that “the EFCC faced several frustrating setbacks in 2013.” The report gave several accounts of how the current administration has frustrated justice against even convicted persons in corruption cases. But the presidential pardon, granted convicted ex-Bayelsa State Governor, Diepreye Alamieyeseigha, was classified as the most offending action of the Nigerian government. “By granting him a pardon, President Jonathan has paved the way for Alamieyeseigha to run for another elected office or to hold other appointed offices.” The report also stated that the EFCC is being used to target persons “who had fallen out of favour with the government, while those who were in favour continued their activities with impunity.”
A greater tragedy is that when corruption is raised either by Nigerians or outsiders, the reaction of the government has typically been one of denial of the patently obvious; or combative defence, instead of dignified silence; or better still, a solemn resolve to do something about the cankerworm. Last year, the presidency dismissed the report as “parachute researches” limited by absence of any knowledge of Nigeria and its affairs. The ruling People’s Democratic Party (PDP) even viewed the report as an insult, but, in contradictory terms, agreed that corruption was pervasive and that the party had been “fighting” the scourge, obviously with little success. Of course, only the PDP knows the tools with which it has done the fighting. Many of the examples cited in the report are common knowledge and irrefutable.
However, it is to be noted that this is not the first indictment of Nigeria over corruption. Indeed, since the inception of the fourth republic, the nation has come under scrutiny over corruption. In its 2013 corruption perception index, the global anti-corruption watchdog, Transparency International (TI) ranked Nigeria 144th most corrupt country in the world among 177 countries studied. In 2012, Nigeria ranked 124 out of 170. The point must however be stressed that corruption is a serious socio-economic and political issue that was used in the past as a justification for military intervention and therefore remains a veritable source of instability in the nation. The time has come for the government to tackle this challenge headlong. There is need to articulate a national strategy, which must begin with exemplary conduct of the President, who must claim the moral high ground through self-purging. Corruption, apart from being systemic, is also partly a question of character failure, and the presidency is pre-eminently a place for moral leadership.
What the times call for is a grand strategy with the anti-graft agencies on the frontlines. Firstly, those accused and under investigation by the EFCC for corruption should be speedily and openly tried and, if found guilty, punished to deter others from treading the same path. Until and unless the outstanding cases are conclusively prosecuted without delay, lessons are neither taught nor learnt. In this regard, the EFCC should press for early amendment to the EFCC Act in order to set time limits within which all EFCC cases should be resolved. The EFCC should also work out cost-effective ways of disposing cases. For example, Senior Advocates of Nigeria (SAN), as a rule, should handle pro bono publico at least one EFCC brief annually. Nigeria needs all hands on deck in the fight against corruption.
Second, and provided any suspect is certain to speedily face justice, the EFCC should abandon passing the buck and seize the initiative by developing the capability to detect corruption at the early stages. The task is simple, considering that the US National Security Agency (NSA) monitors the gargantuan worldwide telephone conversations and text messages with a view to nipping terrorism in the bud. The EFCC should, therefore, shake off its indolence, which appears to be its signature now and work earnestly to bust and minimize corruption. The anti-graft agencies must stay awake for the dream of a corruption-free Nigeria to come true.
In addition, a “Naming and Shaming” process should form part of the strategy. Corrupt public officials must not only be identified and put on trial. They should be publicly stigmatized and kept on an Eternal Roll of Dishonor, because corruption is driven partly by the absence of a sense of shame. Furthermore, the proposed national conference should restructure Nigeria in ways that are expressive of fiscal autonomy for the federating States as the over-reliance on oil revenues by all strata of government has fuelled corruption that has afflicted the country since the discovery of oil. The grand strategy should also include capacity building for anti-corruption within the bureaucracy of government, especially horizontal accountability, which involves annulling and righting actions and inaction of state institutions.
Above all, the proposed strategy should include remodeling Nigeria’s politics, removing its current commercial value and making it attractive only to genuine servants. Politics has now become the only business and this desperation for public office fuels corruption in ways unimaginable! Central to this is a drastic reduction in the cost of governance in the executive branch, the legislature and the civil service. The journey may have to begin by expunging from the national psyche a mentality in which politics is perceived and practiced as the only business with the highest returns. Of course, attitudes must change. And the breakdown of values must be addressed through the family system and a nationwide school curriculum that emphasizes ethical re-orientation. This is necessary to keep the future of Nigeria away from the claws of corruption even as the battle goes on to wrestle its present from its jaws.
As the Jonathan administration winds down with its eyes on 2015, the President must raise the stakes. He must confront all the obstacles and demonstrate the will to rise to the occasion and pick only men and women of integrity to serve Nigeria. Now is the time to break from the past because presidential dilatoriness invites unholy pressure which crystallizes into wrong appointments as has been seen time and time again with this administration. Every leader must lead by example and Jonathan owes himself the duty of not being an exception. So far, he has been. The President has the ultimate and unique responsibility to build the confidence that politics and public offices are not primarily a means to fleece the citizens. He must take the lead in saving Nigeria from corruption.

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